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The Effect of Adding Fennel Oil and Tartaric Acid on the Combustion Rate of CPKO Droplets

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71131/my6hnd43

Abstract

This study examines the effect of combustion rate on CPKO (Crude Palm Kernel Oil) droplets with and without additives and catalysts, focusing on improving its combustion efficiency given that CPKO's primary component, palmitic acid (C16), inherently exhibits poor combustion characteristics. By incorporating fennel oil a bio-additive containing anethole with its conjugated cyclic structure capable of generating a magnetic field to weaken CPKO's molecular bonds and tartaric acid a highly electronegative catalyst that disrupts glycerol linkages the research demonstrates a significant enhancement in combustion rate, confirming the positive impact of these additives on CPKO's thermal decomposition.

Keywords:

Combustion Speed, Catalysts Additives, CPKO, Catalysts, Additives

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Author Biography

  • Aulia Rahman, Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

    Aulia Rahman is a teacher of the Mechanical Engineering Department at Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana. His research interests include renewable energy, and Fluid Dynamic

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Published

2026-07-18

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Section

Articles

How to Cite

Dwiantoko, P., Rahman, A., Slamet, Anjasari, A., & Habiburahman, N. (2026). The Effect of Adding Fennel Oil and Tartaric Acid on the Combustion Rate of CPKO Droplets. ⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities, 3(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.71131/my6hnd43